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Sports Science, a relatively new branch of science, is a combination of several different disciplines that focuses primarily on the scientific principles behind exercise performance. Simple physics concepts like center of mass, centrifugal force and inertia, are helping athletes win medals and set world records. In penalty-kick shootouts, the advantage is the shooters'. They kick the ball at speeds of up to 80 mph from 12 yards away, which means balls can reach the goal at less than 400 milliseconds. Read further to find out how sports stars use Physics to beat the odds...